Moderators have access to your private information such as personal name and email address. However, as per the second section of moderator agreement, they agree that:
ii. I acknowledge that I may have access to potentially personally-identifying information about Stack Overflow users and that in connection with such access
a. I will use such information solely in accordance with the then-current Privacy Policy of Stack Overflow,
b. I will not disclose this information to anyone,
c. I will not store or copy this information and
d. I will only use such information in connection with performance as a Stack Overflow moderator for the benefit of Stack Overflow.
Basically, they are not allowed to use it for the purpose of disclosing it and they are not allowed to copy or store your information.